Name-Theology

    Periodically, we are studying together whether it makes a difference what the church calls itself. To do that, we have studied in the Old Testament the importance of God’s name and the importance of what God names, and the importance of what God attaches His name to. Mankind understands how important names are. They show ownership. They honor others. They show relationship.

    God gave a name to One who would save His people. That name means “God with us,” Emmanuel (Isaiah 7:14; see also 49:1). God named Isaiah’s son (8:3). He named Hosea’s children (1:4, 6, 9).

    God predicted a time when Gentiles would gather together in a place called by God’s name (Isaiah 18:7). Because Israel was called by God’s name, they belonged to Him (Isa. 43:1).   Notice in Isaiah 56:5-6 the connect between being called by God’s name (including Gentiles) and participating in His new covenant: “To them I will give in My house and within My walls a memorial, And a name better than that of sons and daughters; I will give them an everlasting name which will not be cut off. Also the foreigners who join themselves to the Lord, To minister to Him, and to love the name of the Lord, To be His servants, every one who keeps from profaning the sabbath And holds fast My covenant.”

    I mentioned in a previous study that the Israelites forgot they were called by God’s name. They forgot the temple was called by God’s name. The expression “house of God” is found 76 times in the Old Testament; “house of the Lord” is found 237 times! The temple did not belong to Israel! They could not do with it what they wanted! So, God punished them by ripping them out of their homeland and destroying their temple. Jeremiah portrays this sad event quite frequently: 7:10-14, 30.

    When God brought Israel back to the land of Canaan, to await the coming of Jesus, He said, “My holy name I will make known in the midst of My people Israel; and I will not let My holy name be profaned anymore. And the nations will know that I am the Lord, the Holy One in Israel” (Ezekiel 39:7). It is my conviction that the temple Ezekiel portrays in 40-48 is a figure for the church of Christ. At the end of that portrayal, God says, “The city shall be 18,000 cubits round about; and the name of the city from that day shall be, ‘The Lord is there’” (48:35).

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    I wish to draw your attention to a few other references to the name of the Lord found in the prophets. In Daniel 9, after that 70-year exile for not sanctifying the temple as they should, Daniel prayed for Israel’s forgiveness: “O my God, incline Your ear and hear! Open Your eyes and see our desolations and the city which is called by Your name; for we are not presenting our supplications before You on account of any merits of our own, but on account of Your great compassion. O Lord, hear! O Lord, forgive! O Lord, listen and take action! For Your own sake, O my God, do not delay, because Your city and Your people are called by Your name.”

    In the days of Amos, this prophet foresaw: “That they may possess the remnant of Edom And all the nations who are called by My name,” Declares the Lord who does this” (9:12). This verse, along with verse 11, are quoted by James in Acts 15:16-18 and applied to the church.

    Finally, in the last prophet according to the order of our Bibles, God foresees a time when His people will honor His name again: “For from the rising of the sun even to its setting, My name will be great among the nations, and in every place incense is going to be offered to My name, and a grain offering that is pure; for My name will be great among the nations,” says the Lord of hosts” (Malachi 1:11).

    The next time we look at this theme, we’ll be in the New Testament. How does God identify His people, collectively? Do they honor the name they are called to wear?

–Paul Holland

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