The Book of Daniel

In understanding the book of Daniel, which we begin reading today, we must consider the place of the Babylonian exile in the history of redemption. This period is considered the “period of indignation” (Dan. 8:19). The exile is to be considered as a period in which the anger or wrath of God was manifested toward His chosen people.

Moses had warned the people of unfaithfulness and its punishment – Deuteronomy 31:17; 32:9-44; cf. 1 Kings 8:31ff.

The exile brought to an end the independent existence of the nation as a theocracy. The “soul” of the theocracy was gone. The exile introduced a new period, a period which may be regarded as transitional and preparatory. The “period of indignation” led to a stronger expectation of a coming Messiah, a redeemer, a conqueror, a Savior.

The exile not only would serve to separate the wheat from the chaff, in order to preserve a remnant, but it would also serve the benefit of the heathen nations as they learned that no empire is eternal and God’s people will eventually conquer. During the exile, it was necessary for Jehovah God to show He was the true and living God. The gods of the heathen were vain, empty delusions.

More emphasis is placed in Daniel on visions of the future than on miracles. We have three miracles in Daniel, which are sufficient to establish the omnipotence of Jehovah God – He is sovereign over all nations.

Daniel is from the royal family, although we do not know his genealogy – 1:3. His name is changed to Belteshazzar (1:7).
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As we study the book of Daniel, we see that he is a man of stalwart character, priceless convictions, a true hero of the faith, with gentle courtesy, and a simple and humble dependence on Jehovah God. Daniel is not a “prophet” per se; he is a statesman.

Jesus explicitly calls Daniel the author of the book – Matthew 24:15 (only time Daniel is mentioned by name in the NT). Jesus’ favorite self-designation is “Son of Man” which comes primarily from Ezekiel but the corresponding imagery is from Daniel.

As a statesman in foreign courts, Daniel uses symbolism significantly. What was to be the future course of God’s people? Would God cast them off utterly, dispersed among the Heathen? Will He fulfill His earlier promises of a Redeemer? How?

Keep those questions in mind as you read Daniel in the next few days. If you wish to study it further, consult my notes on our website. –Paul Holland

Free online Bible commentary on the book of Daniel

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