The essence of evolution is the protection and propagation of genes. What drives the entire theory of evolution is the motivation to pass on genes to the next generation. That means that selfishness is at the heart of evolution. It also means that evolution has a hard time explaining the origin of giving. Evolutionary, humanistic psychologists and philosophers also like to point out that humans will often choose to benefit personally over losing personally in the decisions we make.
An interesting article in this past weekend’s edition of The Wall Street Journal discussed scientific research into how giving affects the brain and consequently, subsequent behavior. Based on three studies surveyed in the article, the author – Elizabeth Svoboda – presents the idea that “we are also hard-wired to be generous.”
Using techniques based on brain scans with an fMRI scan, neuroscientists see that giving causes stimulation in a certain region of the brain, the same region that controls other urges. Human subjects have an “account” from which they may give to various charitable organizations, or keep the “money” for themselves. I see a basic error in the study as humans are quite unique individuals. I may give (in a scientific study, not real life) to one organization because I, or a friend or family member, benefited from that organization in the past. I may not give to any organization in the study because it does not fit my own values and background. Or, if I get to take some money home with me, my own personal financial situation may affect how I give or not give.
Be that as it may, their studies showed that giving creates a favorable response in the brain. Mark this down – that is opposed to the theory of evolution. Evolution demands that I watch out for myself – even if I have to eat (or kill) my brother to ensure the survival of my own genes. But, could it be that God designed us to feel pleasure when we give? Didn’t Jesus say, “It is more blessed to give than to receive?” (Acts 20:35).
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Another area of the brain was also stimulated by giving – one that has receptors of oxytocin – a hormone connected with social bonding. So, giving motivates us to draw closer to someone. We have all felt that impulse before, haven’t we? Giving is called “fellowship” in the New Testament.
Another study showed another part of the brain was stimulated by giving. This one releases dopamine – the hormone associated with certain addictions. But, this scientist did not think that giving for its own sake – with no expectation of pleasure or other reward – was common. I think he should visit a worship assembly of Christians some time. Don’t we give Sunday after Sunday, many of us liberally and generously, without any expectation of reward? Most Christians receive no reward from the contribution. Jesus even tells us to give (the amount) secretly. We also know much of the contribution goes to someone (even overseas) who cannot give us any reward or remuneration in any way.
Science may prove that giving makes us feel good, but it will not prove why we do it with no expectation of return. The Bible does – we love because He first loved us (1 John 4:19).
–Paul Holland
